Chronology

 

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Joseph Conrad’s life may be seen as having several distinct stages: in Poland and in Russian exile before his father’s death (1857–69); in Poland and the south of France under the care of his maternal uncle (1870–78); in the British merchant marine, mainly as junior officer sailing in the Far East (1879–early 1890s); after a transitional period (early 1890s), as writer of critical esteem (1895–1914); as acclaimed writer, though perhaps with his greatest work achieved (1914–24). After 1895 the history of his life is essentially the history of his works.

 

1857 December 3                      Józef Teodor Konrad Korzeniowski (Nałęcz coat-of-arms) born in Berdyczów in the Ukraine to Apollo and Ewelina (or Ewa), née Bobrowska, Korzeniowski

 

1862 May                                 Korzeniowski, his wife, and son forced into exile in Russia

 

1865 April                                 Ewa Korzeniowska dies

 

1868                                         Korzeniowski permitted to leave Russia

 

1869 February                           Korzeniowski and Conrad move to Cracow

 

     May                                    Korzeniowski dies

 

1870                                         Conrad, under care of uncle Tadeusz Bobrowski, begins study with tutor, Adam Pulman

 

1873 May                                 Visits Switzerland and northern Italy; first view of the sea

 

1874 October                            Takes position in Marseilles with Delestang et Fils, bankers and shippers

 

1875                                         Apprentice in Mont-Blanc

 

1876–7                                     In Saint-Antoine

 

1878 February / March              Attempts suicide

 

     April                                    Leaves Marseilles in British steamer Mavis

 

     June                                    Lands at Lowestoft, Suffolk; first time in England

 

     July–September                    Sails as ordinary seaman in Skimmer of the Sea (North Sea coastal waters of England)

 

1878–80                                    In Duke of Sutherland, Europa

 

1880                                         Meets G. F. W. Hope, Adolf Krieger

 

     June                                    Passes examination for second mate

 

1880–81                                    Third mate in Loch Etive

 

1881–4                                     Second mate in Palestine, Riversdale, Narcissus

 

1884 December                         Passes examination for first mate

 

1885–6                                     Second mate in Tilkhurst

 

1886                                         Submits perhaps his first story, ‘The Black Mate’, to Tit-Bits competition

 

     August                                 Becomes a British subject

 

     November                            Passes examination for master; receives ‘Certificate of Competency as Master’

 

1886–7                                     Second mate in Falconhurst

 

1887–8                                     First mate in Highland Forest, in Vidar

 

1888–9                                     Captain of barque Otago

 

1889 Autumn                            Begins Almayer’s Folly in London

 

1890 February–April                  In Poland for first time since 1874

 

     May–December                   To Congo as second-in-command, then temporarily as captain, of Roi des                                                            Belges

 

1891                                         Manages warehouse of Barr, Moering, London

 

1891–3                                     First mate in Torrens

 

1893                                         Meets John Galsworthy, Edward L. Sanderson

 

     Autumn                               Visits Bobrowski in Polish Ukraine

 

     November                            Signs on as second mate in Adowa, which never makes voyage

 

1894 January                             Ends career as seaman

 

     February                              Bobrowski dies

 

                                                Meets Edward Garnett, Jessie George

 

1895 April                                 Almayer’s Folly

 

1896 March                              An Outcast of the Islands. Marries Jessie George; honeymoon in Brittany

 

Settles in Stanford-le-Hope, Essex

 

1897                                         Begins friendship with R. B. Cunninghame Graham; meets Henry James, Stephen Crane

 

     December                            The Nigger of the ‘Narcissus’

 

1898                                         Meets Ford Madox (Hueffer) Ford, H. G. Wells

 

     January                                Alfred Borys Conrad born

 

     April                                    Tales of Unrest

 

     October                               Moves to Pent Farm, Stanford, Nr Hythe, Kent, sub-let from Ford

 

1900                                         Begins association with J. B. Pinker

 

1900 October                            Lord Jim

 

1901 June                                 The Inheritors (with Ford)

 

1902 November                         Youth: A Narrative and Two Other Stories

 

1903 April                                 Typhoon and Other Stories

 

     October                               Romance (with Ford)

 

1904 October                            Nostromo

 

1905 June                                 One Day More staged in London

 

1906                                         Meets Arthur Marwood

 

     August                                 John Alexander Conrad born

 

     October                               The Mirror of the Sea

 

1907 September                        The Secret Agent. Moves to Someries, Luton, Bedfordshire

 

1908 August                              A Set of Six

 

1909                                         Moves to Aldington, Kent

 

1910                                         Moves to Capel House, Orlestone, Kent

 

1911 October                            Under Western Eyes

 

1912 January                             A Personal Record (Some Reminiscences)

 

     October                               ’Twixt Land and Sea

 

1913 September                        Chance, with ‘main’ publication date of January 1914

 

1914 July–November                 Visits Poland with family; delayed by outbreak of First World War; returns via Austria and Italy

 

1915 February                           Within the Tides

 

     September                           Victory

 

1917 March                              The Shadow-Line

 

1919 March                              Moves to Spring Grove, near Wye, Kent

 

     August                                 The Arrow of Gold

 

     October                               Moves to Oswalds, Bishopsbourne, near Canterbury, Kent

 

1920 June                                 The Rescue

 

1921                                         Collected editions begin publication in England (Heinemann) and America (Doubleday)

 

     February                              Notes on Life and Letters

 

1922 November                         The Secret Agent staged in London

 

1923 May–June                         Visits America, guest of F. N. Doubleday

 

     December                            The Rover

 

1924 May                                 Declines knighthood

 

     August 3                              Dies at Oswalds (Roman Catholic burial, Canterbury)

 

     September                           The Nature of a Crime (with Ford)

 

     October                               The Shorter Tales

 

1925 January                             Tales of Hearsay

 

     September                           Suspense

 

1926 March                              Last Essays

 

1928 June                                 The Sisters